There were rival weeks, both ancient and modern, including short or long weeks corresponding to market days in some agricultural societies, 10-day weeks in revolutionary France and both five- and six-day weeks in Stalinist Russia.6?! That's just crazy. I can see wanting to go to 10, but 6? That's just perverse. But there's not much point trying to go all metric with 10, because days and years are determined by overwhelming astronomical facts.
Still, I wonder how different we would be if we hadn't settled on these cycles of 7 days. The rhythm of weeks shapes our moods and activities. We keep going through this short arc of ambition. Tuesdays are crucial, you know? Get cracking! If things don't happen on Tuesday, you feel like giving up. I mean there will be some chance to salvage the week on the Wednesday, but you'll have to do it under the weight of a failed Tuesday.
Man, it's Tuesday. Tuesday! Don't you understand about Tuesday?
But if we had a 10-day cycle, the second day would be just a smooth acceleration day. The third day would have more oomph. The fourth day would add room to really develop the week's accomplishments. Ah, how much potential life would contain, how effective I would be, if only those French revolutionaries had gotten their way!
Shut up! It's Tuesday! Get out of here! I can already see the gaping maw of defeat that is Thursday!
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You'd ruin all the great music, not to mention Solomon Grundy
"Every other day, every other day,
Every other day of the week is fine, yeah
But whenever Monday comes, but whenever Monday comes
You can find me cryin' all of the time"
Tuesday is the cruelest of days. Monday, while you may be back at work, at least you can think about all the fun you had on the weekend. Tuesday, all you can think about is Monday. Wednesday, woo hoo! The week is half over. Thursday, you're almost to Friday (maybe I call in sick tomorrow). Friday, happy days are here again, tomorrow the weekend starts.
Word verification: czsvcic
Meaning: The eighth day of the week, that was rejected because of the bad name
I currently work a 9/80 schedule with every other Friday off and set up so Monday holidays create four day weekends.
Marge: Homer, the plant called. They said if you don't show up tomorrow don't bother showing up on Monday.
Homer: Woo-hoo. Four-day weekend.
I love the way the first response to any suggestion for a different length week is what does that do to the weekend? Is the weekend going to get better?
Re Tuesday: Improve you attitude Allen. Tuesday is the one day that you really need to full-out work. Ease into the week on Monday, then get a good Tuesday, and the rest of the week will feel great. Don't think it's only Tuesday, in the sense of, we've still go three more days 'til the weekend. Think it's only Tuesday, in the sense of, we really only need to work on Tuesday. But don't tell anyone I told you that. Tell them I said, put your nose to the grindstone and give it 100%.
I wonder exactly when the various East Asian states shifted to the 7-day week. Currently, in Japan and Korea (and probably China), there's 7 days, with the following names:
Sunday - Sun
Monday - Moon
Tuesday - Fire
Wednesday - Water
Thursday - Wood
Friday - Metal
Saturday - Earth
taken obviously from the Sun and Moon and then the five elements. But I wonder where and when those conventions were developed.
Ah, Wikipedia to the rescue. English Wikipedia attributes Chinese adoption to the 16th century Jesuits in the Imperial court, and the original system to the ancient Babylonians and Hindus. I hesitate to give the attribution in China much credence, though, since the article's writers seem unaware that the Japanese had extensive contact with Europeans well before the 19th century.
Japanese wikipedia doesn't mention Jesuits, but attributes the 7-day week to Babylonian and then Egyptian cosmology. The Sinitic system of matching elements and days corresponds also to the heavenly bodies that would have been visible to the ancients:
Mercury - Water
Venus - Metal/Gold
Mars - Fire
Jupiter - Wood
Saturn - Earth
And then the moon and the sun.
So it may come out of the Judeo-Christian tradition. But it also seems to have independent origins in ancient astrology.
Atheists can rest easy -- it was invented by pagans.
Now this is something I never thought about before. I always thought a 4/3 week would be nice, even if it meant working 10 hour days. (As long as those days didn't start earlier - I am an owl, not a lark.) But now I teach in the evenings, and always work from home 60%-75% of the time anyway, so it doesn't have as much charm for me, except in how my schedule coincides with other people's.
My mother always says "don't wish your life away," when someone grumbles about the work week, or anticipates a weekend or some big event. I do my best to keep those words in mind. It is important to love Tuesday as much as Saturday.
Can't remember exactly who said it but...
"Seven shalt be the number thou shalt count, and the number of the counting shall be seven. Eight shalt thou not count, nor either count thou six, excepting that thou then proceed to seven. Nine is right out. Once the number seven, being the seventh number, be reached..."
Ann,
I'm retired. I'll try to work harder on my presentation of humor. I was a pressman on a four color web offset press. 4 weeks of days, then 4 weeks of afternoons, then 4 weeks of the dreaded midnight shift. Year after year. 35 years is a long time. Woo hoo! Retirement! I could care less what day it is.
Balfegor: Why should atheists rest easy because seven days a week was invented by pagans? That doesn't make it make any more mathematical sense, or make it invented by people who aren't theists, right? Why would we be sadder if it was the church?
An awful lot of atheists get hives when it's Christians and Jews who made something up, and are considerably more relaxed about pagan or invented customs. I am not one of them (I am fond of Christianity, in a mildly exoticising way) but I know many.
J;
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holy_Hand_Grenade_of_Antioch
I think we atheists are more supportive of pagan customs because they're more fun than the boring Christian crap. So Christmas (originating from the pagan solstice celebration) is cool (people give you stuff!) but you can take Lent and shove it.
And Ann needs a more positive attitude about Thursdays..."gaping maw of defeat," indeed! How about "Yay! Only three more days till Monday!"
--Saturday Night Fever
--Sunday In the Park with George
--Rainy Days & Mondays (Carpenters)
--Tuesday Weld
--Ash Wednesday (Liz/facelift)
--Sweet Thurday(John Steinbeck)
--Thank God It's Friday
Peace, Maxine
J and SteveR: Run away!!
It was "Seven" so George Costanza could have a cool name to honor Mickey Mantle.
Also: Tuesdays are now "American Idol" days. Once every 7 days is about right.
Professor Althouse, six _rocks._ It's divisible by a lot. So you could work out every other day --- and it'd be the same days every week. Or water your plants every third day --- and you'd know from the calendar whether or not it was a "water your plants" day. And so on.
Good idea, Mackan. Could use the Beatles song "8 Days a Week" to promote it.
One of the funniest cartoons I ever saw was a Beetle Bailey cartoon, where he had worked KP for a whole week. On the last day of the week, he is saying "I'm glad there are no more days left in this week." In the next frame, he's checking the bulletin board, and says, "GRUNSDAY!??"
In any case, however we got to seven, the world is so interconnected now what with financial markets and travel and business meetings, etc. that I doubt if we will get away from seven. What will be interesting is in the year 3000 AD when people are living on other worlds, with different rotation times, will they object to being tied to our days, years and and hours?
One time issue that is becoming an issue with increasing globalization though: meeting times. People can now meet all over the world and talk to each other directly. It's not so bad if you're just talking the difference between NY and LA, or even if you have an associate in Europe that may have to stay late in the office for a meeting, or an associate in Hawaii who may have to get up very early for the meeting. But as we get more and more places involved with the business of commerce, it will begin to be very confusing what time anything is going on (someone may have to attend a business meeting via satellite that is set at 2 AM their time.) I suspect that before long you will see more and more places where you can view GMT. International business will demand it so they can coordinate their meetings.
Many businesses are already moving towards something other than the traditional five and two schedule. A lot of them have four day weeks (M-Th or T-F) with ten hour days. Others break up their schedules in other ways (I have a cousin who is a nurse and she works something like three twelve hour shifts, on Tuesdays, Wednesdays and Sundays, plus four hours on Friday where she goes to meetings and does paperwork.)
I actually like the primeness of seven, because it guarantees that any kind of a rotating schedule (i.e. your turn to cook dinner) will eventually hit every day of the week.
Cripes - the "Calendar of Reason"? Another good excuse to hate the bloodthirsty, stupid, proud, short-sighted, narcissistic French revolutionaries.
When Robespierre and the gods of the Convention handed down the revolutionary calendar, it wasn't "work for 7 days and get 3 off." You worked 9 days to get 1 off. The aristocrats and "counter-revolutionaries" who were guillotined by the thousands could have only dreamed of squeezing as much work out of the peasants.
Long live Reason!
However you divide up the year into days, it's still the same year. I'd be mighty suspicious and untrusting of a move to change because somehow I suspect it wouldn't redound to the benefit of everyday people.
Note, already, that someone here suggested 10-day weeks with 3-day weekends. So, that means you work 7 days to get 3 days off; over 30 days you'd get nine days. Under the current system, that's a day less.
In my book, that's moving backwards in time. Hell, I still haven't gotten over how, in my working lifetime, the standard working day for most people has morphed from 9-5 with one-hour paid lunch to 8-5, lunch technically unpaid (yet frequently worked through). It's a philosophical thing; personally, I've mostly worked jobs where that's irrelevant. Still, that's not the point.
Herein I betray the small streak of sympathy toward organized labor that I've managed to retain.
It should be noted that the names of the days of the week in China and Japan correspond to the Roman name days, which were also "planetary" days, in the classical sense of the Sun, Moon, Mars, Mercury, Jupiter, Venus, and Saturn. (These names are fairly clearly seen in the modern Spanish names; lunes = Moon, martes = Mars, miercoles = Mercury, jueves = Jove/Jupiter, viernes = Venus, sabado = Saturday).
The English names are similarly derived from the Roman names. Sunday and Monday are obvious, Tuesday through Friday were named after the Germanic "equivalents" of the Roman gods of the day-associated planets (Tiw = Mars, Woden = Mercury, Thor = Jupiter, Freya = Venus), and Saturday was left named after Saturn because the Germanic peoples had no Saturn-equivalent.
Aggggh!!! What would happen to Monday I've got Friday on my mind?
Worthless then, I think!
Maybe everyone would feel better about Tuesday if it were renamed Wimpy.
The Thingite Manifesto on changing the name for Thursday into Thing also suggests names for all the days as follows
Monday=Sodit (that's appropriate)
Tuesday=Wimpy (sounds about right)
Wednesday=Wibble (who could quibble with wibble?)
Thurday=Thing (Sorry Thor, Thing sounds better)
Friday=Poets (my personal favorite, even though I'd like to chang Friday into Funkday)
Saturday=Doobry (hey! no drug jokes)
Sunday=Dontbry (On Sat you Doo, on Sun you Dont, almost sounds Christian)
I can live with 7 day weeks, even if they don't divide well, but I rather like the idea of new names, even if a whole host of songs would become anachronisms.
As others have pointed out, the 7-day week comes from ancient astronomy, not any particular religion. Sun, Moon, Mars, Mercury, Venus, Jupiter, Saturn. The names of days of the week in English mostly come from the corresponding deities / planetary body names in Norse mythology.
By the way, this is why we need a space program; reengineering the orbits of the Earth and Moon. By moving the Earth just slightly closer to the Sun, and the Moon just slightly closer to the Earth, we could have a solar year of exactly 364 solar days, divided into 13 synodic months of four weeks of seven days.
Steven said...
By the way, this is why we need a space program; reengineering the orbits of the Earth and Moon. By moving the Earth just slightly closer to the Sun, and the Moon just slightly closer to the Earth, we could have a solar year of exactly 364 solar days, divided into 13 synodic months of four weeks of seven days.
I absolutely agree that in the 21st century we should look to engineering to solve these calendrical problems. However, I think an easier approach would be to move the land mass of Antarctica to the equator...placed properly, this would slow the earth's rotation enough to make the year exactly 364 days, and give us some nice new tropical islands to boot.
We'd still need a space program to tweak the Moon's orbit, but a side benefit of that would be that the Moon's periods of rotation and revolution would no longer coincide, so it wouldn't show us the same boring face all the time.
This topic has 40 comments! Funny!
A week is one quarter of the moon. So it does have an astronomical basis. (I don't know if anyone else said this.)
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