২৬ জানুয়ারি, ২০২৬

Those wonderful "-id" adjectives.

A few posts down, I used the word "fervid," which I like, and have even blogged about before, and a couple commenters took notice.

I like it, not just for the meaning but visually, the letters. Something about that "-id" ending, which seems a bit unusual for an adjective. And yet, if you go looking, you'll find a lot.

Some of my favorites: fetid, flaccid, florid, gelid, horrid, insipid, intrepid, languid, limpid, livid, lucid, lurid, morbid, pallid, placid, putrid, sordid, stolid, stupid, torrid, trepid, turbid, vivid.

I looked up the "-id" ending in the OED and I got this strange response:
Scarcely a living formative! That sounded odd, but I do get it. It means you can't use it anymore to form an adjective. It's not like, say, "-ful" or "-able." 

And, in fact, "-id" was never a living formative in English. The "-id" adjectives arrived into English with that ending already attached. 

I could make up the word "grokable" or "grokful" — this post raised a grokable question, and it's admittedly grokful (and grokky and grokish) — but I can't foist "grokid" on you. That would be stupid. Because "-id" is not a living formative.

৫০টি মন্তব্য:

rhhardin বলেছেন...

Chambermaid

Ann Althouse বলেছেন...

That's a noun.

Aggie বলেছেন...

torpid, vapid....

Ficta বলেছেন...

Rabid. Yes, wonderful words. They all seem to carry an extra oomph to them.

Saint Croix বলেছেন...

Weird how so many of the -id words are negative and disgusting!

Saint Croix বলেছেন...

You forgot "rancid."

(Rancid is a great punk band, by the way, very similar to the Clash, at least vocally).

Saint Croix বলেছেন...

I don't like that word "flaccid" at all. Although, if I went around rock hard all the time, that would really suck.

Maybe flaccid is underrated. So to speak.

bagoh20 বলেছেন...

When I was young, I'd often look in the mirror and chant "grokid, grokid, grokid".

Saint Croix বলেছেন...

Ooh, I found a vocabulary page.

I know what you're going to say.

Rapid! Splendid!

Dr Weevil বলেছেন...

Also acid, acrid, and tepid. All common Latin adjectives with their inflectional endings removed, as you will see if you look up ‘acidus’, ‘acridus’, and so on on Logeion - I’ve typed in the URL four times, but the fucking software has ‘corrected’ it every time, so you’ll have to Bing it.

Saint Croix বলেছেন...

Are you flaccid, rigid, or hybrid?

Joe Bar বলেছেন...

Turgid.

Joe Bar বলেছেন...

Vapid

Saint Croix বলেছেন...

Did we do squalid?

Also, eek, frigid. I hate frigid! Big fan of torrid.

"We started off torrid and ended up squalid, frigid, and flaccid."

Saint Croix বলেছেন...

I think we're diving into my Id with these damn -id words.

Lem Vibe Bandit বলেছেন...

Asked AI for a more tepid sounding list...

Arid
Fluid
Gelid
Humid
Hybrid
Lucid
Rapid
Solid
Stolid
Tepid
Torpid
Valid
Vivid

Enigma বলেছেন...

@SaintCroix: Can we convert "id" into "idid"?

Dr Weevil বলেছেন...

‘hybrid’, though Latin, is an exception: it comes from a noun (‘hybrida’) that originally meant a cross between a wild boar and a domesticated swine, and was then used by analogy of other cross-breeds, human and animal.

Lem Vibe Bandit বলেছেন...

Merriam Webster: "Don't be afraid to use trepid. After all, it has been in the English language for more than 350 years—longer, by 30 years, than its antonym intrepid. Trepid (from Latin trepidus, meaning "alarmed" or "agitated") isn't used as much as intrepid, but it can be a good word at times.

Writer Bill Kaufman, for example, found a use for it in a Newsday article, in which an aquarium volunteer is "asked if she is perhaps a little trepid about swimming with sharks in a 12-foot deep, 120,000 gallon tank." (Her fearless reply: "Not really.") The more intrepid among you might even consider using trepidate for "to tremble with fear" and trepidant, meaning "timid" or "trembling." These are uncommon words, granted, but they haven't breathed their last."

Curious George বলেছেন...

"Ann Althouse said... Some of my favorites: ...flaccid..."

Poor Meade

Ann Althouse বলেছেন...

You can like a word without liking what it connotes. Many of the most exciting words refer to something bad.

Lem Vibe Bandit বলেছেন...

Intrepid Peter carried a sword.

"Peter's sword was not a weapon for personal protection but rather a symbol of his role as one of Jesus' closest disciples. The sword was used during the arrest of Jesus, and Peter's action was a response to the situation, reflecting his understanding of Jesus' mission and the nature of His kingdom. The sword symbolizes the temptation to resort to violence in the face of conflict, as seen in the incident where Peter struck the servant of the high priest. Jesus' rebuke of Peter serves as a profound teaching moment, emphasizing the principle of non-violence and the fulfillment of divine purpose. The sword also highlights the contrast between worldly and divine approaches to power and authority, as well as the call for trust in God's plan and rejection of worldly methods of achieving justice."

tcrosse বলেছেন...

I kid you not.

Robert Marshall বলেছেন...

Many of these are things which are bad, like "stupid" or "horrid." How about "gravid," ordinarily considered a good thing, especially in our reproductively-deficient societies.

boatbuilder বলেছেন...

An idiotic discussion.

boatbuilder বলেছেন...

That was a joke...

Jupiter বলেছেন...

rancor, liquor, fervor, rigor, stupor, vapor ...

Immanuel Rant বলেছেন...

Jupiter at 1:17 is interesting. Rancor/Rancid; Liquor/Liquid; Fervor/Fervid; Rigor/Rigid; Stupor/Stupid; Vapor/Vapid.

I would not have made the connection - thanks!

Lazarus বলেছেন...

I see your "fervid" and raise you "perfervid."

It's "fervid" but more perferse.

MadTownGuy বলেছেন...

From the American Heritage Dictionary:

"-id, suff.


1. One belonging to a specified dynastic line: Abbasid.
2.
a. Meteor associated with or appearing to radiate from a specified constellation or comet: Perseid.
b. Member of a class of stars typified by a certain star in a specified constellation: Cepheid.
3. Organism belonging to a specified taxonomic group, often a family having a name ending in -idae according to taxonomic principles or a class or other taxon having a name ending in -idae: cichlid, magnoliid.
[Latin -idēs, from Greek[ιδησ], patronymic suffix. Senses 2 and 3, from New Latin -idae, from plural of Latin -idēs.]"

rhhardin বলেছেন...

"Chambermaid"

"That's a noun."

Think of it as an -id adjective, meaning chambermaid-like.

R C Belaire বলেছেন...

"Flaccid" has such ugly connotations. Best to avoid it.

Leora বলেছেন...

The id ending is useful in Scrabble.

Kai Akker বলেছেন...

Borid.

Jupiter বলেছেন...

"Borid."
Close. Horror.

Ice Nine বলেছেন...

>Because "-id" is not a living formative.<

Words that have the suffix "-id" are common, useful, and definitely living in medical vernacular.

Grundoon বলেছেন...

Living Formative is going to be the name of my next rock band.

Grundoon বলেছেন...
এই মন্তব্যটি লেখক দ্বারা সরানো হয়েছে।
wsw বলেছেন...

Covid

Kevin বলেছেন...

Ibid.

Kevin বলেছেন...

It's the End of the Word as We Know It.

LibertarianLeisure বলেছেন...

Parsing language, words, and here word endings with id, the best of the best to me, on Althouse.

Ann Althouse বলেছেন...

"Jupiter at 1:17 is interesting. Rancor/Rancid; Liquor/Liquid; Fervor/Fervid; Rigor/Rigid; Stupor/Stupid; Vapor/Vapid. I would not have made the connection - thanks!"

Great observation. But these things happened in French/Latin. The words came into English already formed. It remains true that "-id" is not a living formative. You can't make a new word with "-id" the way you can with things like "-ful," "-able," "-y," and "-ish."

Gerda Sprinchorn বলেছেন...

Great post.

Saint Croix বলেছেন...

Squid is not an adjective. But it could be! "Get that squid woman off me."

I'd like two tickets for Squid People, please.

MadTownGuy বলেছেন...

Isn't 'hominid' of recent coinage? I suppose you could call an orangutan a 'hominish,' but it sounds rather unscientific.

Saint Croix বলেছেন...

Tim Walz has tentacles and he's a Squid Man.

Odi বলেছেন...

To echo Monty Python, they're very nice woody words.

CT Ginger বলেছেন...

Well, Freud gave us “Id” some I guess we make the mot of it

Brian McKim and/or Traci Skene বলেছেন...

Something I wondered 50 years.ago: is "ovoid" an id word?

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